Keynotes
Osteoporosis Imaging at the Spine:
Clinical Needs and Technical Challenges Dr. Thomas Baum, MD Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Technische Universität München Klinikum rechts der Isar Abstract: Osteoporosis is defined as a skeletal disorder characterized by compromised bone strength predisposing an individual to an increased risk for fracture. Osteoporotic fractures, in particular spine fractures, are associated with a high morbidity and mortality and generate immense socio-economic costs. The presentation will outline the need for computer-assisted diagnostic tools for spine radiographs, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) images to support radiologists to correctly diagnose and report existing osteoporotic vertebral fractures. The assessment of future fracture risk at the spine has traditionally relied on the measurements of bone mineral density (BMD) by using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). However, BMD values of subjects with versus without osteoporotic fractures overlap. Bone strength reflects the integration of BMD and bone quality. Bone quality can be partly determined by the measurements of bone microstructure and bone marrow fat content. These parameters have been shown to improve the prediction of bone strength beyond DXA-based BMD. Therefore, the presentation will outline the technical challenges of high-resolution multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) for the assessment of trabecular bone microstructure and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) including proton single-voxel magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) and chemical shift-based water-fat imaging techniques for the quantification of bone marrow fat content at the spine. Biosketch: 2009: Graduation from School of Medicine, TU Munich, Germany 2010: Postdoctoral Scholar at the Musculoskeletal and Quantitative Imaging Research Group, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, United States Since 2011: Radiologist at the Department of Radiology, TU Munich, Germany Research Focus: Osteoporosis Imaging, Cartilage Imaging Researcher ID: M-6522-2014 ORCID: 0000-0002-4574-5212 |
Spinal Imaging in Surgical Planning and Navigation
Dr. Martin Haimerl Manager R&D Spine & Trauma Navigation Brainlab AG Abstract: The success of spinal surgeries substantially depends on imaging data from various sources which need to be properly prepared before the surgical procedure. Surgical planning and navigation (image guided surgery) are excellent tools to provide this information in a dedicated way during the surgery. They enable distinguished visualization of individual anatomy and high accuracy during the surgical steps. They have the potential to make the procedure safer and enable new surgical approaches. To achieve this, several imaging and image processing steps are useful, including image acquisition, image fusion, segmentation, and registration. During the entire chain of these steps, high accuracy, consistency, and reliability is crucial. In this talk, it will be demonstrated how requirements for image processing, planning and navigation steps are related to the specific use case, i.e. clinical workflow steps, and how they can be optimized. This includes an analysis of the impact of imaging parameters on particular steps of the chain, tayloring of image processing methods and their evaluation towards specific use cases, as well as future options to more deeply integrate image processing procedures into the clinical workflow. Using such an approach, spinal planning and navigation has the potential to substantially improve the usability, reliability, and clinical outcome of spinal surgeries. Image processing is an excellent tool to provide valuable background information and to subsequently evaluate and demonstrate this benefit. Biosketch: 1995: Graduation (Diploma) Computer Science, University of Karlsruhe, Germany 2002: PhD Institute for Algorithms and Cognitive Systems, University of Karlsruhe, Germany Title: “Modality-specific processing of medical imaging data” Since 2003: Software Engineer, Research Manager, Senior Project Manager, Manager R&D at Brainlab AG, Feldkirchen, Germany. Main Topics: Navigation for hip, spine, and trauma surgeries Main research topics: image guided surgery, registration and data fusion, medical image processing |